In 1914, during the first world war, the Turkish army suffered great losses in Transcaucasian front. This was aggravated by confrontation on the part of internal opponent, Russia's ally -Turkish Armenians. A document is available to indicate that Russian Emperor Nicholas II promised that Turkish Armenians would be able to create an Armenian state in Eastern Anatolia with subsequent joining of Erivan province.
In February 1914, Armenians of Zeytun province, incited by emissaries of Armenian nationalistic "Dashnaktsutun" Party, came out against call-up to the Ottoman army. After the war broke out, Armenian armed detachments began committing outrages all over Eastern Anatolia.
Chiefs of Dashnaks believed that Armenians' uprising at the height of combat operations would facilitate Russia's conquest of Eastern Anatolia. Turkish villages of the province turned out defenseless, and Armenian gangs, totaling 100000, made destructive raids, exploded bridges, acting like regular Russian army units. The Turkish Government had to remove its division from the Russian-Turkish front to thus prevent the Armenian threat at the rear.
In March 1915, an Armenian uprising broke out in Van province of Turkey. Armenian terrorist gangs seized the town of Van, exterminating 3000 Turks. The same fate befell Bitlis province.
In 1916, the Russian army in cooperation with Armenian gangs, calling themselves "insurgent detachments", occupied a greater portion of Eastern Anatolia, including provinces of Trabzon, Erzerum, Bitlis, etc., following which approx. 1 million Turks became refugees.
Following the seizure of Van by Armenian detachments in April 1915, the Turkish Government decided to resettle the Armenian population from Russian army of Armenian support.
In 1917, a revolution took place in Russia. The Russian army, except for Armenian military units, began abandoning Eastern Anatolia. By April 1918, liberated had been Erzindjan, Trabzon, Erzurun, Kars and Van. The time between the withdrawal of the Russian troops and entry of the Turkish ones was used by Armenian detachments for mass extermination of Moslem population.
Note that Armenians took possession of Russian army, buying it up for a song from Russian soldiers. First ever in the history, Armenian political leaders succeeded in establishing on lands of Eastern Anatolia, forsaken by Russian troops, the so called "Armenian state" (republic), which included the Erivan province of Russia as well.
With the offensive of the Turkish army, Armenian armed gangs started escaping to Transcaucasia, incidentally plundering Turkish and Azerbaijanian villages and towns. Suffice it to say that 8,000 Turks were killed in Erzurum. The facts we refer to are adduced from 'Turks and Armenians" (Baku, 1996) by US researchers J.McCarthy and C.McCarthy, based exclusively on historical materials.
The researchers pointed out: "Was there a genocide? To judge by Ottomans actions, it is difficult to imagine that there was a genocide order. Why, were not then exterminated tens of thousands of Armenians-residents of Istanbul, Izmir? In Eastern Anatolia, there was no genocide, committed by the Turkish Government" (p. 73).
Many historians, researchers conclude: during the civil war, from 600000 to 700000 Armenians were deported from the zone of military operations in Eastern Anatolia, of then 300-350000 perished; in the meanwhile, nearly 2,5 million Turks, Kurds and Azerbaijanian Turks were lost.
Noteworthy is the fact that these data agree with data shown in a letter of the head of Armenian delegation to Paris Pogos Nubar addressed to the French Foreign Minister (see J.Malevill. "The
Armenian tragedy of 1915", Baku, 1990, p. 64).
Gangs of Armenian nationalists, fleeing from Eastern Anatolia, kept on committing bloody massacres in Azerbaijan. Suffice it to mention Zangezur region of Azerbaijan, bordered by Erivan province: 115 villages were destroyed, 3257 men, 3276 women and 2196 children killed (Central State Archives of Azerbaijan, f.970, c, 161, sh. 1-9).
2,5 MILLION TURKS WERE KILLED, BUTCHERED BY ARMENIANS IN 1914-1920
This figure is not a fantasy, but a generally known fact, established by many authoritative and independent foreign historians.
However, nobody in Europe, Western hemisphere grieves about these human losses of the Turkish people.
Nobody makes a request to the West or Russia for "money compensations".
European peoples suffered horror of fascism, their own tragedies, perhaps, even more terrible and dramatic, therefore their indifference to the past historical (!) problems of other peoples, specifically Turkish, is understandable.
But today when Armenians of Armenia proper and Azerbaijanian Nagorno Karabakh are dragging out a miserable existence, which the world public is well aware of, a small group of energetic, rich, fed up Armenian nationalists from diasporas scattered all over the world, is seeking to urge heads and parliaments of tens of countries to din "People, you must know, in 1915-1917 Turks premeditatedly exterminated the Armenian people" into world public opinion's ears. In the end, it is designed to split the relations between the USA and its reliable NATO partner - Turkey.
All this propagandists ballyhoo pursues an aim to legitimatize the seizure of Azerbaijanian land -Nagorno Karabakh. There are archival materials, indicative that Nagorno Karabakh (its wood, ravines, valleys, rivers, lakes, springs) has never been a motherland for forebears of Armenians. In fact, it has always been a shelter for Armenian refugees during long-drawn-out Ottoman-Persian wars.
Note that in 1593, 1727 and 1747 Nagorno Karabakh had been invaded by Turkey, following which the census of the population of the region was taken to determine an exact sum of taxes levied.
These documents are kept at Turkish archives, even better, they are published.
In 1823, Russian also described the Karabakh province in detail. The data obtained were issued in the 19 century. Neither Turkish , nor Russian documents mention a Word about Armenians. All “non-Muslims” are referred to in the generalized form as “Christians”. As compared with them, the Muslim population of Nagorno Karabakh constitutes an overwhelming majority.
The self-name (ethnonym) of Armenians "Khai" is affirmative that the territory of the so called Turkish Armenia - Front Asia plateau, its eastern, western and southern parts are not historical native land of this people. Orientalists are well aware that in the pre-historic times (17th-12th centuries B. C.) the territory was populated by Iranian-speaking nomadic tribes on the mountain plains; and Hittites, Hurrites, specifically, a group of tribes that in the XVII century B. C. Formed a slave-owning state which later broke into several small principalities. In the IX century B. C, on this territory there sprang up a vast Van Kingdom with the capital of Tushpa on the coast of Van lake.
Urartu played the first fiddle among the countries of Front Asia and lived till the VI century B.C. Urartians themselves called their country Biayni (or Biaini). Linguistically, Urartians were close to Hurrites, who in the 14th-13th centuries B. C. established the state of Mitanni, ancient country between the two rivers.
Recently, oriental linguists deciphered a greater portion of Urartu cuneiform texts. It is generally recognized that Hurrites and Urartians spoke proto-Turkic languages, dialects of Ural Altaic family, i.e. they were offspring from Asia, specifically Altai and Siberia.
Researchers are confident that there is no relation between the structures of Hurrite-Urartian and Armenian languages.
The latter relates to the family of Indo-European languages, while Hurrite and Urartian - agglutinative, like all the Turkic languages.
The word-formation occurs due to the joining of suffixes to a roof of the world. The nature of rock paintings, recently discovered in Eastern Anatolia and stylistically identical to those formerly discovered in Eastern Azerbaijan (Gobustan) and Siberia, is indicative of the Asiatic origin of Hurrites-Urartians and removes ethnic relationship between Khai-Armenians and Hurrite-Urartians.
Archaeological monuments with cuneiform texts, discovered in Eastern Anatolia, Syria and Iran, as well as ancient Greek written sources, are introvertibly that Khai tribes (to be precise, proto Khai) appeared on the territory of Urartu, this conglomerate of tens of tribes, not earlier than VI century B. C., i.e. after the Urartu's collapse, first, as a result of plundering by Persians, second, as a consequence of nomadic Scythians' (Turks) invasion from Northern Black Sea region. It is evident that these proto-Khai tribes did not come from heavens to the territory, where autochtonous population - Hurrites and Urartians spoke proto-Turkic, languages of Ural -Altaic family.
It was logical that these proto-Khai tribes as part of Scythian army took part in plundering high civilization of Urartians. Nomadic Scythians, having conquered the Van kingdom, went on wandering with their booty along native steppes of Northern Black Sea region.
Meanwhile , proto-Khai tribes, indisposed to nomadic life, settled on abundant, devastated albeit, Urartian lands, which in 593 were captured by ancient Azerbaijanian state of Mydia. It should be noted that the pre-historic times tribes sprang up on alien territories for pillage, seizure of slaves, living space. As for prosperous slave state of Urartu, it is indisputable that during its blossoming forth in the VII-VI centuries B. C. Urartu was a tasty morsel for those capable of conquering it. There are countless examples of this kind.
It has to be kept in mind that the autochtonous population of Urartu following its crush could not have disappeared without leaving a trace. Those survived became vassals of Persian Kings from Ahaemenide dynasty (558-330 B. C.). The state that ruled in the Near and Middle East, Central Asia.
For the first time the people of Khai ("Armins") is mentioned in the trilingual inscription of Persian king Darius Gistasp hewed on a rock in Behistun, near the town of Khamadan (approx. 420 B. C). the inscription in old Persian proclaims the tribe of "Armins", residing near Van lake, as tributaries of king Darius. In Babilon and Elam parts of the inscription a word "Armins" is in line with a word "Urartians", hence, it may be concluded that the tribe, titled by Persians as "Armins" (i.e. "Armenians"), was identified with other Urartian tribes.
Following the capture (in 593 B. C.) of the territory of Urartu, already ravaged by Scythians, by ancient Azerbaijanian state of Mydia, there was established a vicegerency with the center in the Urartian region of Armini. In due course, this part of eastern Anatolia came to be titled "Armenia" (or Greater Armenia).
In 550-549 B. C, following the capture of Mydia by Persians, specifically, vicegerent of the Pars province Cyrus II the Great from Ahaemenide family, on the vast territory of Transcaucasia and entire Front Asia plateau there emerged the state of Ahaemenides. At the height of the state (end of the VI century B. C), its possessions stretched from river Ind in the east to Egypt an Aegean sea in the West.
In 334-331 B. C, the Empire of Ahaemenides was conquered by Alexander the Great, so the vicegerency of Armini (Armenia) became a pert of his Empire. As is known, after Alexander's death in 323 B. C. his empire broke up. In 312, Alexander's commander Seleucid came to power in Asia Minor, including Armini. His state was titled the state of Seleucides.
Seleucid king Antioch III (223 187 B. C.) in 201 assigned his commander Artash (ancient Greek spelling "Artashes") as vicegerent of Armini.
Note that Artash came from Mydia Minor, i.e. South Azerbaijan, as referred to by Armenian historian of the V century Moses Khorenskiy. In 189 B. C. Artash stirred up a rebellion against Antioch III and announced himself and independent ruler. Artash seized several provinces of Seleucides - Iberia, Caucasian Albania, Atropatena, and created a multi-tribal association which broke up after his death. Regions seized by him became a part of Seleucides, which in 64 B.C. was conquered by Rome and ceased to exist.
Cuneiform texts in Urartian, discovered on the territory of present Armenia, report on predatory campaigns in the region. To judge by names of populated localities ruined, no Armenian population lived there, as confessed by Armenian historians too. This is to say that these localities were composed of Turkic-speaking population, i.e. proto-Azerbaijanian Turks.
Beyond any doubts, Artash was not solely a leader of the ancestors of present Khai-Armenians, as some Armenian historians try to groundlessly prove. His army that waged expansionist wars on the territory of Greater Armenia consisted, beyond any doubts, not only of soldiers recruited from regions of Eastern Anatolia - Khayas and Armini.
Note that these regions were in the reviewed period populated, together with descendants of Khais who moved here from Balkan peninsula, by numerous autochtonous ethnoses, offsprings of Hittites, Hurrites and Urartians as well as Turkic-speaking Cimmerians, Scythians, Saks, etc. who arrived in the region in the 13th-7th centuries B. C. from southeastern parts of Europe.
There are geographical and historical terms, like 'Major Caucasus-', "Great Horde", "Great Sand Desert", etc., which came from various written sources and maps of ancient peoples. At one time, Russian historians could have translated from Greek not "Major Caucasus", but "Great Caucasus", which would not have been a blunder, though the meaning being slightly different.
Note that a word combination "Great Armenia" bore no political sense originally, this was a mere name of a geographical area, born in the minds of ancient historian.
It'd be precise to translate from Greek as "Greater Armenia" -a territory as referred to by ancient Greeks (Xenophon "Anabazis") in the region of Tushpa (Van) lake. A territory! As is known, a territory of Hittite state in the upper reaches of Euphrates was called by ancient Greeks "Minor Armenia".
It is natural that in due course one of numerous tribes residing on the said territories was called "Armenians", just as thousands of Englishmen, Frenchmen, Germans, Dutchmen, etc. who moved to the American continent was called "Americans" worldwide.
As for the reason, why Armenians proper declined from this ethnonym (self-name) to focus on another ethnonym "Khai", it reaffirms the lack of "blood" relationship between "Khai" and the territory they moved to from Balkan peninsula, which is currently a subject of dishonest, impertinent claims, the territory whose population is impudently being infringed and banished. An eloquent testimony to this fact is such hypertrophied national feature of Khais as an aspiration, in every possible way, to prove their worth as more perfect, more talented and cleverer nation.
It should be recalled that prior to the disintegration of the USSR Armenia had officially been titled Aikakan Sovetakan Sotsialistakan Anrapetum, and informally Ayastan (Khayastan). It follows that this people, residing on historical-ethnic land of the Azerbaijan people and other countries worldwide persistently declines from using words "Armenian" as correct and reliable denotations.
Never has the people of Khai constituted majority of Eastern Anatolia population. Autochtonous peoples of Armenian plateau and the entire Eastern Anatolia were tribes of Hittites, Hurrites-Urartians and proto-Turks who lived in the region from time immemorial.
In 1987, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of France published a document which said as follows: "Profound research into the distribution of various tribes makes it possible to ascertain that Armenians did not constitute majority of the population in a vilayet of Ottoman Empire".The document refers to a letter of French Ambassador in Istanbul Kambona to French Foreign Minister Ganoteau. "It is out of the question to create an independent Armenia. Even if Europe succeeded in pushing an idea of creating Armenia, it'd be practically impossible to define boundaries of this new state".
Researcher of the history of Armenia and the so called "Armenian matter", specifically, the nature of Armenian terrorism, Eric Feigl in his book "Un Mythe De la Terreur" noted as follows:
"Throughout its difficult history Armenian communities on the territory of Eastern Anatolia have never come out of the satrap status, enjoyed the status of semi-independent principalities.”
We, Azerbaijanian Turks, are far from maliciously savoring these facts. The point is about the Armenian people, not about Armenian national-extremists who are seeking to poison the consciousness of their compatriots, ordinary people. Making use of the current hardships and dissatisfaction of popular masses, these nationalistic forces direct energies of people not at the creation, but the destruction of lives and fortunes of the peoples of other nationalities, as well as those of their own citizens.
It was the geopolitical position of Eastern Anatolia that predetermined the fate of tribes and peoples, residing on this territory, including the people of Khai. Since the oldest times, trade routes had been used on the area between Asia Minor and Transcaucasia. Endless wars, commencing from the I century B. C, were waged in Asia Minor, Front Asia table-land and Transcaucasia between Iran and Rome, Greece and Byzantine for eastern sale markets.
Later on, in the Middle Ages, there were decades-long Persian-Ottoman wars which compelled Khai-Armenians to escape pillages and massacres beyond the limits of Asia Minor.
Following the formation of Byzantine Empire, the conditions of settled population of Eastern Anatolia, including Khais, became worse. As a consequence, a part of Khais moved to neighbouring countries, including territories of Caucasian Albania and present Armenia, i.e. indigenous Azerbaijan land .
Retreat of many tribes of Eastern Anatolia, including Armenian ones, from paganism and their conversion into Christianity started in the IV century on the initiatives of Roman Emperor Diocletian and Constantine the Great. By that time, Khais as subjects of the eastern part of Roman Empire began going over to Christianity largely thanks to the efforts of energetic preachers, specifically, Gregory Parsev (Enlightener), Persian by origin.
It should be noted that Christianity in the form of theocracy (i.e. power of clergymen) was, beyond any doubts, advantageous for Khais: terms of early Middle Ages the theocracy, focusing on political and material interests, helped Armenians preserve their fragile originality. The theocracy succeeded in reviving this originality where the latter seemed to lose it for ever.
The Khai people in the person of clergy and related nobility began acquiring national self-consciousness, social-political thinking. Contributing to the process, paradoxical as it may seem, were tragic events (pillages, violence of conquerors) in Eastern Anatolia, where big neighbouring powers - Rome, Greece, Byzantine and Iran waged endless and wasteful wars for hegemony in the region.
It was well-known historian and publicist, researcher of the history of Caucasian nationalities V. L. Velichko who neatly formulated his ideas of Armenism: "Throughout the history of Armenians, full of humiliations to big and little heterodox soverigns, there is always an inexhaustible hope for rebirth of the Armenian people and state. Of interest is that not popular masses but mainly ecclesiastics, rich merchants, nobility and sultans' favor who dream of it. It is characteristic that these hopes intensify as Russia's territory expands, as it victoriously approaches Front Asia".
By the XI century A. D., Khai-Armenians began outlawing from the places of their compact residence in the region of Van lake and Armenian plateau. As is known, in the XI century a great quantity of Armenians moved to Crimea, other Russian lands. This migration resembled the exodus, quest of "the Promised Land". Once started, the process has been under way for all subsequent centuries.
Little by little, Khai-Armenians settled down the entire territory of slave-owning Byzantine, from Smirna and Constantinople in the west to rich and fertile Cilicia in the south-west and Van lake in the east. Later on, German traveler Alfred Kerte in his "Anatolian essays" wrote: "A proverb is true that a Greek may deceive two Jews, and an Armenian -two Greeks". It is also known that not a few Khai-Armenians held top positions under courts of Byzantine Emperors. Thus, in the XI century there were necessary prerequisites in Anatolia for the creation of Armenian trade capital, formation of Armenian nobility.
Armenians moved to Crimea, Poland, Ukraine, Russia. Since 1374, they began settling down in Lvov and Kamenetsk-Podolsk. As for Armenians who moved to Transcaucasia and settled down on Azerbaijanian lands and in Norhern Caucasus, it should be noted that they won neither fame, nor respect in the region.
Brilliant connoisseur of Caucasian nationalities, V. L. Velichko wrote about Armenians in the end of the XIX century:
"In Caucasus, a social and economic issue agrees with a tribal one:
bourgeoisie consists exceptionally of Armenians who pose a serious social threat to the local population, and a political threat to the state, as exemplified by some eastern powers, whose sluggishness or negligence cleared the way for Armenian parasitism" (V. L. Velichko. "Caucasus - a Russian cause and inter-tribal matters". S.-Petersburg, 1904).
Historians-orientalists and politologists worldwide are well aware of a term "Armenian matter", whose nature has presently been neglected deliberately. Extrapolating from vital interests of millions of peoples, including not only inhabitants of Transcaucasia but all the citizens of the former multinational USSR, it is essential to brief about the subject titled "Armenian matter".
It has to be kept in mind that the issue had first been dealt with at international level in 1878 by Russians and Turks in San Stefano (near Istanbul), then at the Berlin congress chaired by Bismarck, following the defeat of Ottoman Empire in the Russian-Turkish war. A clause of a preliminary San Stefan treaty said as follows:
"Turkey is committed without further delay to remedy the situation and carry out reforms of local importance in vilayets populated by
Armenian residents, and safeguard them against Musulmans and Circassians".
It was for the first time that Armenians were mentioned in an international document. That was just the beginning, and Turkish Armenians began orientating themselves toward Russia. It'd be appropriate to recall that the Turkey's defeat in the war of 1877 - 1878 in the Balkan front and in Turkish Kurdistan culminated in the Balkan crisis of the 1870s.
Approx. half million peaceful Turks were slaughtered on the territory of the Bulgarian kingdom being established within several days. This was a genuine genocide.
But does anybody remember or grieve about them today?
More than one million Turks poured in to all the vilayets (provinces) of Ottoman Empire, including Kurdish-Armenian one (geographical).
These circumstances - the genocide of peaceful Balkan Turks and their banishment from the Balkans - proved to be an important factor of subsequent tragic events that occurred in Eastern Anatolia 36 years later, in 1914-1915, when the First World War began.
In October 1914, Russian troops started offensive operations in the Russian-Turkish front jointly with regular 150000 strong Armenian units as a part of the Russian army under the support of the entire Armenian population of Eastern Anatolia.
As is known, in 1878 the Berlin Congress canceled the above-mentioned 16 Article of San Stefano Russian-Turkish Treaty, since its participants - great powers ascertained that Armenians did not constitute majority in Anatolia and, hence, there was no question of the autonomy of Armenian nation.
The Armenian delegation headed by former patriarch of Turkish Armenians Khrimyan failed to accomplish their goals. This circumstance contributed to the intensification of separatism processes among Ottoman Armenians, nationalists committees, centers and their leaders started their activities aimed at gaining the autonomy for Armenians within the limits of Ottoman Empire.
Grandson of Gen-Field-Marshal I. V. Gurko, prominent participant of the Russian-Turkish war of 1877-1878, historian V. Gurko Kryazhin wrote in his article "Armenian matter" (1926):
"Separatists movement was backed up by intelligentsia, especiall the once in Moscow and Tiflis. These towns, centers of "Armenian liberalism" of the 1870s, both in printed or oral forms, carried on propaganda directed to "awakening the national self-consciousness" and raising the militant nationalism among Russian and Turkish Armenians ".
A serious obstacle on the path of consolidation of Ottoman Khai Armenians was not only their being small in numbers but constituting minority on the territory of eastern vilayets of Turkey, i.e. approx. one to six.
Later XIX century, there resided not more than 850.000 Khai-Armenians and about 5 million Turks proper. Such were official figures provided by Russian General staff by the beginning of military operations in Caucasian front in 1914. These figure agree with those provided by numerous historians, researchers into Turkish-Armenian relations of the reviewed period, including J. Malevil, L. Janette, S. Shaw, J. McCarthy, K. McCarthy, etc.
It should be added that during the Russian-Turkish war of 1877 1878, Russian troops in Eastern Anatolia were led by Armenian General Loris-Melikov. It has to kept in mind that the Armenian population of Turkish regions of Erzerum, Kars, Ardagan, Bayazet, Bazarjik, Sognalu, occupied by Russian troops, cordially welcomed "fraternal" Russian army.
At the same time, soldiers-Armenians, one mass scale, deserted from the Ottoman army and went over to the Russian army, organized pogroms of Turkish populated localities. Thus, the promise of loyalty of Armenian subjects to their Ottoman motherland given in the beginning of the war by Armenian patriarch of Istanbul Nerses II, was broken.
“Armenian volunteers!
The war against Turkey is a holy war for Armenians, a sort of crusade. Enthusiasm among Armenians is so great that every day there take place demonstrations in the streets of Kars, Alexandropol and Erivan to expose centuries-long enemy and oppressor of Christians; scores of students ran away from their homes to join a corps of Armenian volunteers which is now assuming a form of epidemic. Recently, 7 senior pupils ran from commercial college in Alexandropol to go to the front. One of them, a 15-year boy had to come to back.”
It should also be recalled that on the eve of the conclusion of preliminary peace treaty in San Stefano, representatives of Armenian clergy secretly maintained contacts with Russians to hold separate talks in Edirne on the status of the Armenian population of Eastern Anatolia.
From point of view of the Turkish population of Ottoman Empire, it was a stab in the back of a mortally wounded man. It was an obvious treacherous betrayal when a matter of life and death for the country was being settled. Subsequent developments, including actions of Armenian nationalistic leaders of "Armenakan", "Gnchak" and "Dashnaktsutun", an Armenian uprising in Van, July 1896, proved to be a logical herald of the spring 1915 tragedy, during which Armenian militant detachments exterminated nearly all the Muslim population of Van.
It has to be kept in mind that soon after the end of the Russian - Turkish war of 1877-1878, Sultan Abdul Hamid II instructed to create a regular cavalry corps "Hamidiye", composed of Musulmans only, to thus oppose a possible invasion of Russian troops. An inevitable law of war came into force: "blood for blood". Relations between indigenous Turkish-Kurdish and Armenian populations of eastern vilayets of Ottoman Empire became aggravated to an unbelievable extent.
In his essays published in the collected Works of N.N.Shavrov (1904) , titled “A new threat to the Russian Council-general in Erzerum (1893-1903)”, gen. V.F.Mayevskiy wrote :
“ Armenian gangs discarded disturbances and massacres, and then fled away. As a consequence, defenseless masses of Armenians had to pay their blood to whitewash deeds of their brother-in-arms. Activities of secret Armenian organizations resulted in huge quantities of useless bloodshed, loss of material welfare which cannot be compensated in the future. It remains unclear, how much evil these "patriotic" organizations can bring in the future!"
German orientalist-historian Erich Feigl wrote in his book "Myth of genocide": "Armenian fanatics crammed their community with absurd, Utopian and absolutely perverted ambitions regarding the Armenian independence. These ambitions were impracticable, because nowhere and never in Ottoman Empire Armenians did constitute majority. Extremists became insolent, terrorized indiscriminately both Musulmans and Christians. After the First World War broke out, they unleashed civil war"
A monograph by American historians Stenford J.Shaw and E.C.Shaw “ The History of Ottoman Empire and Present Turkey” (London 1979) , informs as follows :
“ The Caucasian army of Russia, made of a great number of Armenian volunteers is assuming the offensive. By 14 May, they reached Van, organized mass butcheries of local population for 2 days. A Russian-backed Armenian state was established in Van. On 18 May 1915, Russian czar Nicholas II expressed his gratitude to the Armenian populations of Van for devotion. Aram Manukyan was appointed a Russian governor of Van.”
Another fragment of the monograph points out:
"In an aspiration to create an autonomous region Armenian revolutionaries exterminated and aboriginal population to thus transform Armenian minority into majority. They resorted to this procedure every time they were given full scope and backed by Russians. Following the seizure of Erzurum by Russians, there followed the most terrible slaughter: more than 1 million Musulman peasants had to escape. Thousands of them were cut to pieces when they wanted to run together with the Ottoman army, retreating to Erzinjan".
On 24 April 1915, Minister for Internal Affairs of Ottoman Empire Talat Pasha sent a telegram to Istanbul which started with the following:
"Recent uprisings in Zeytun, Bitlis, Sivas and Van once again demonstrated that Armenian committees are seeking to gain independence by passing their political and revolutionary organizations of independent administration inside Ottoman Empire. A decision on mobilization of Armenians in Russia, adopted straight after the beginning of the war, as well as a decision on instigation of Armenians in Ottoman Empire to rise in rebellion against Ottoman Empire at a moment when it is very weak, is none other than an act of betrayal, which threatens the very existence and future of our country".
Below-shown in another expressive document from archives of the French Foreign Ministry, indicative of perpetrators of the civil war in Ottoman Empire, following which 2.5 million Turks and Kurds perished.
"Mr. Minister, - wrote Pogos Nubar, head of the Armenian delegation to the peace conference in Paris, January 1919, to French Foreign Minister Stephan Pichon, - on behalf of the Armenian national delegation I have the honor to submit your excellency the following declaration, reminding that from the very beginning Armenians have been a belligerent, as you confess it personally. They fought jointly with their allies on all the fronts and through great sacrifices proved their unshakable devotion to the cause of the Entente", etc.
In his book "Myth of genocide" Erich Feigl summed up the results of the Armenian-Ottoman civil war:
"This is a historical fact! Countless guiltless victims, including women, children, old people who were lost in this war, were not on Ottomans, but solely on conscience of the leaders of Armenian nation who urged their compatriots on wittingly lost battle".
It is indisputable that the idea of the deportation of Armenian population from the zone of military operations sprang up just after the Armenian massacre arranged against Turks in Van. So, the deportation was a forced measure.
It'd be appropriate to note that combat operations in Anatolia, 1914-1920, resulted in thousands of Armenian families' escaping to the southern regions of Empire, Russian Transcaucasia, Georgian lands. They reached Baku and Derbent, Sukhumi, Sochi, Tuapse, Armavir, present Krasnodar, Stavropol, Rostov-na-Donu.
The Armenian national Delegation
30 November 1918
K311
Mr. Minister,
1 have the honor to submit your excellency on behalf of the Armenian national delegation the following declaration, reminding that Armenians from the very beginning have been a belligerent, as you confess it personally. They fought jointly with their allies on all the fronts and through great sacrifices proved their unshakable devotion to the cause of the Entente:
— France as volunteers recruited from the first days in the Foreign Legion, where they won fame at the French military service;
— Palestine and Syria as volunteers recruited by the national delegation solicited by the Government of the Republic, formed more than half of the French contingent and thus played a great role in the victory of Gen. Allenby, as was officially stated by the latter and their French commanders;
— Caucasus, where upwards of 40000 volunteers, to say nothing of 150000 Armenians in the army of Russian Empire, contributed to the liberation of a part of Armenian vilayets under the command of Andranik and Nazarbekov. They remained staunch among all the peoples.
To His Excellency
Mr. Pichon
Foreign Minister
My best regards to you, Mr. Minister.
President Pogos Nubar
The above-mentioned Pogos Nubar officially informed the French Government that the total number of deported Armenians made up 600000-700000 and that 250000 Armenians moved from Turkey to Caucasus in 1914-1918, 40000 to Persia, 80000 to Syria and Palestine, 20000 to Mosul and Baghdad, totaling 300000.
And he added: "As for others, deported as a result of disorders, we dispose of no information about them".
As is seen, today the information about Armenians "lost" nearly one hundred years ago during the civil war in Anatolia, is obtained rather simple: by means of pure inventions and fancies of Armenian nationalists.
The-mentioned Erich Feigl, ironically noted: "I came to the conclusion that attempts to substantiate violence against Armenians are conventional, however, rumors about it rise directly proportional to a distance between a source and Turkey".
Nowadays, stirring up trouble in the parliaments of European countries and the USA, dinning via mass media about the genocide of Armenians by Turks in 1915 ("Stop thief!"), Armenian activists, spiritual successors of functionaries from "Armenakan", "Gnchak" and "Dashnaktsutun" pursue one more goal.
This is an attempt to hide the truth which says that it was Armenian nationalistic leaders, guilty of misfortunes of the Armenian people, that heads of "Armenakan", "Gnchak" and "Dashnaktsutun who doomed thousands of their compatriots to the downfall, banishment, hunger, diseases (typhus, dysentery, cholera), other torments.
This happened during the mass deportation of Armenians from the zones of military operations to the southern regions of Ottoman Empire in summer and autumn 1915 after the Armenian treason of their Turkish motherland, Armenian mutinies and insurrections in the rear of Ottoman troops - in Zeytun, Bitlis, Sivas, Van, other towns of Anatolia where Armenian gunmen exterminated all the l\irkish population following the declaration of the "Armenian Republic of Van" in spring 1915.
Nationalistic leaders, who directed actions of fighting groups in Anatolia from abroad, betrayed their fellow-tribesmen in Turkey, both commoners and privileged classes - officials, merchants, intellectuals. At first, they poisoned their minds with nationalistic propaganda, which started as far back as in 1882-1895 in Ottoman Empire and Transcaucasia, with their fantastic plans of Armenian independence, sacrificed them to the double-dyed national egoism,
adventurism, national arrogance and conceit.
Who are they, these lazy Ottoman? Europe, Russia will help us! Russian czar will help us. Dashnaks in England, France, Russia, Tiflis were aspiring for power in the so called "Great Armenia".
They believed that "mortally ill" Ottoman Empire that fought in 7 fronts concurrently, would inevitably breathe its last.
Today, the same situation has arisen in the Azerbaijanian Nagorno Karabakh, annexed by Armenians and doomed to economic vegetation. Welfare of Armenian residents is sacrificed to nationalistic aggressive ambitions of the leaders of independent Republic of Armenia. Karabakh Armenians, including women, children, old people became hostages of criminal plans of extremists, dreaming of "Great Armenia".
These people are their victims. Likewise, their victims are hundreds of thousands of Armenians from Azerbaijan who considered Baku, Ganja, Sumgait, Shamkir, Agdam, Khanlar, Sharur, Gabala, Ismailly, Sheki, Shamakhy, Yevlakh, Barda, Kurdamir, other towns and regions of Azerbaijan to be their motherland.
Quite recently, they peacefully and comfortably off lived here, constituting substantial diasporas until they were stirred up against the Azerbaijan people, became deadly enemies.
There is another important ulterior aspect of the latest intensification of Armenian nationalistic propaganda and profiteering on nearly hundred years old events. This is a business, money accumulating on personal accounts of the "parous of the Armenian cause".
Let's suppose that tens of European countries pressured by Armenian lobbyists to the parliaments of various countries recognize the "genocide" of Armenians in 1915 in Ottoman Empire, the genocide that had never taken place. It should be repeated: from the start of the First World War, i.e. since 1914, numerous detachments of specially trained Armenian gunmen, the so called "insurgent", "voluntary" groups of Armenians acted in the rear of Turkish troops.
These included thousands of armed Armenian deserters from Ottoman army, as well as 150000 strong Armenian regular units as parts of the Russian army which reached nearly Erzerum over the three months. These Armenian gunmen exterminated the Turkish population of Eastern Anatolia to thus vacate place for future "Great Armenia".
Totally killed were approx. 2,5 million Turks and Kurds, mainly women, children and old people, for male Musulmans were mobilized and fought in the front.
Let's suppose that one day heirs of Armenians lost in the reviewed period would bring in a many billion claim against present day Turkey.
It is absurd, though it is obvious that Turkey would, in this case, have to apply efforts to once again demonstrate to the world that Turks of Ottoman Empire had suffered much more than their compatriots-Armenians from their betrayal in 1914-1920.
There is a great quantity of reliably documents and facts to unmask the "genocide" of Armenians.
Armenian leaders are well aware of it, but today they are interested in any ballyhoo around the so called "Armenian-Turkish matter". In "refuting" Turkish argument and inventing their false "counter-arguments", Armenian nationalists are able to stir up sensation and derive money from pockets of diaspora.
In deceiving ordinary Armenians, scattered worldwide, inspiring them unrealistic ideas of the punishment of "evil Turks" and of the establishment of "Great Armenia from sea to sea and up to Voronezh", touching the nostalgic chord of their compatriots, Armenian nationalistic leaders are poised to endlessly rob their brothers through numerous Armenian centers, committees, associations, societies, etc. and thus fill their pockets.
To corroborate the above stated, suffice it to mention well-known ethnographer, politologist and statesman of the last century I. T. Kanadeyev, expert in the "Armenian matter".
In his book "Essays on Transcaucasian life" (Sankt-Peterburg,1902) he wrote:
"Armenian agitators, with few exceptions, are well aware of the inconsistency of their program, do not believe in their cause, but they do work on this truck to thus earn their living. They get allowances from the Armenian London Committee, and, the most important, draw money from naive merchants by means of threats and blackmail, allegedly for the Armenian cause".
Today, the situation remains unaltered.
Millions of ordinary Armenians, as well as Armenian bankers, industrialists and businessmen from France, England, Germany, USA, countries of Latin America, etc. who voluntarily or forcibly give their money allegedly for "long-suffering motherland", creation of "Great Armenia" must realize the following: chief Armenian activists (collectors and users of Armenian hard-earned money) are well aware that no "genocide" had ever taken place in Ottoman Empire in 1915.
There was a betrayal, a tragic civil war unleashed by Dashnaks in the rear of agonizing Turkey, which ended with correlation 1:6 in their favor, the war that killed tens of thousands of their Armenian compatriots. These Armenian leaders know that neither Turks, nor Azerbaijanians will never give a single inch of their lands to Armenian Dashnaks.
However, ordinary armenians in the West and Russia are still being deceived by dealer from policy who parasitize on their national patriotic sentiments, rub salt on their souls by exaggerating the myth of “genocide” and fairy-tale of “Great Armenia”
The tragedy of the situation is that no Armenian family that went away from the Republic of Armenia to the West would ever come back, to miserable life, full of humiliation, created by their Yerevan and other foreign "national-patriotic" leaders. The latter performs their functions within the framework of the colossal Armenian international trickery. Their functions are to keep remaining Yerevan and Karabakh Armenians as hostages. The point is that if these not numerous Transcaucasian Armenians plus 2 million CIS Armenians would disperse worldwide in quest of normal life, sources of profits of their leaders would run out.
There is also another reason, why Armenian nationalists and their lobbyists in European Parliaments and related mass media make a noise around the so called Armenian "genocide" in 1915.
The time is now ripe for Armenian invaders to leave occupied regions of Azerbaijan, including Agdam, Kelbejar, Lachyn, Fizuli, Gubadly, Jab rail. Zangelan and Nagorno Karabakh. We wrote "regions of Azerbaijan"...
The problem is that all these regions are indicated on the map, however neither Azerbaijanian, nor Kurdish, even Slav family reside there. All the residents of these regions, approx. hundreds of thousands were either exterminated by Armenian terrorists, or banished from their homes to other regions of the republic.
Those survived - women, children, old people, invalids live for many years in tented towns, passenger and goods wagons, rest houses, sanatoria, etc.
For many years, these people are deprived of work, means of subsistence, medical services, their children do not study. More than one million Azerbaijanian refugees!
And all these through fault of Armenians which yells in every corner about its ancient culture and civilization, about its 1700-year old Christianity.
Today, not a single house has survived in the occupied regions of Azerbaijan, in thousands of formerly populated localities. Everything destroyed, demolished, robbed. Everything! Taken to Armenia were even beams, stanchions, rafters, roofs, sashes, doors, gates, fence boards, and all of these from Azerbaijanian courtyards.
The total vandalism the history has never known, on a huge area! A lifeless zone.
Transcaucasian Chernobyl, created by Armenians later the XX century. Even worse, a serap-heap of radioactive waste from a nuclear power station has the other day been placed on the territory of Kafan region, next to the Azerbaijan territory.
Armenian terrorists are currently engaged in depredating century old trees, platens from Basuchay preserve, cultivating narcotic containing plants. Making use of molybdenum deposits in Gubadly region, Armenian barbarians contaminate environment with radioactive waste which penetrate via Araz river into the Caspian sea, irreparably damage the unique water reservoir and its inhabitants, first of all, sturgeons.
Meanwhile, Armenia does not own the Caspian Sea.
And Europe is silent!
To imagine, what Armenian gunmen administered one hundred years ago in the agonizing Ottoman Empire, in the rear of their motherland and in the front-line, suffice it to give a glance to the style and manner of their offsprings - present-day Armenian terrorists, currently engaged in committing evil deeds and unlawful actions on Azerbaijanian lands.
That's why Armenian nationalists leaders shamelessly lie in an effort to draw public opinion's attention away from their today's deeds. Availing themselves of the remoteness of events, they impudently falsify the nature of historical events, in every possible way, gain time to leave the occupied Azerbaijan regions.
Otherwise, the whole world will know the truth of the mythical "genocide" in Ottoman Empire not from forged documents and articles, but from reality, watch with its own eyes the deeds contemporary barbarians, realize the style of Armenian national gangsterism, having nothing in common with genuine interests and problems of ordinary people of the Armenian Republic.
Devastate, pillage, occupy 20 % of the Azerbaijanian land, take away even boards from human abodes!
Even the out-and-out barbarians of the past could have learnt extra quality gangsterism from their today's successors.
Thus, Armenian nationalistic leaders persistently and cynically keep on stirring up the Armenian people with their wild plans of the recreation of the mythical "Great Armenia" at the expense of eastern vilayets of Turkey, lands of the Azerbaijan Republic and southern regions of Georgia.
To accomplish their aggressive goals, Armenian gunmen annexed not only Nagorno Karabakh but 7 adjoining regions of Azerbaijan as well. As a result, a considerable part of our territory fell under the heel of Armenian usurpers.
The OSCI is currently engaged in the peace resolution of Nagorno Karabakh conflict. Representatives of states-members of the organization recognize territories, occupied by Armenians, as an integral part of the Azerbaijan Republic.
However, in practice, the functionaries of this international structure make no headway, cannot adopt unbiased, fair decision, so about 1 million of our compatriots have forcibly been exiled from lands they lived on for centuries.
The present state of affairs does not contribute to the rapid and peace solution of the Armenian-Azerbaijanian conflict. In the end, Azerbaijan, having exhausted all the means of peace solution of the conflict, will have to launch all-out steps and liberate its lands, occupied by Armenian national-terrorists, and thus restore the integrity of its territory.
Who is interested in whipping up tensions close by Russia?
Who craves for one more Musulman-Christian conflagration in Caucasus?
Think of it, gentlemen!
*Jalal Aliyev (scientist - biologist, selectionist, geneticist, Head of the Republican Program "Genetic Resources of Azerbaijan", Academician of the Azerbaijan National Academy of Sciences.
*Budag Budagov (Academician of the Azerbaijan National Academy of Sciences. Doctor of Geographical Sciences, Professor.)
TURKS, AZERBAIJANIANS, ARMENIANS: GENOCIDE OF HISTORICAL TRUTH,2003
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| A map on the wall of Armenian Historical Museum half of Turkey included !!! |
Dashnak, Armenia's most radical party's, on every April 24, when they burning Turkish flag , did not hesitate to announce future demands:
1) Get to know the Holocaust.
2) Pay compensation for Armenians who lost their lives.
3) Return the six provinces of Turkey to Armenia.
How many Turks live in Armenia? ZERO
And how many Armenian live in Turkey ? MANY
Akdamar Church in Van, does not belong to the Armenians, belongs to the Christian Kıpchak Turks….
THE TRUTH
SB.
Alaca-Erzurum, Turkey - One of the signboard on the Turkish Martyrdom Victims statue.
in 1918, "Turkish Genocide" had been happened in this village.
278 Turks were killed mercilessly by "Armenians".
Population of the village was 300....
THERE WAS A GENOCIDE - YES...
NOT TO THE ARMENIANS , BUT TO THE TURKS
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| TURKISH GENOCIDE MUSUEM / IĞDIR - TURKEY |
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| TURKISH MADALİON, BUT REPRESENT AS AN ARMENIAN MADALİON |
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| ORİGİNAL |
Hikmet BABAOĞLU- BAKÜ,2011
1918 yılında, yani şuanki Ermenistan Cumhuriyeti sadece geçen yüzyılın başında kuruldu. 26 Mayıs 1918 Transkafkasya Seçim dağıtma kararı aldı. Aynı gün Gürcistan'ın bağımsızlığı ilan edildi ve 28 Mayıs'ta Azerbaycan da bağımsızlığını ilan etti. Ermeni fraksiyonu hiçbir bölge ve nüfus yoktu. Hatta Gürcistan ve Azerbaycan'da herhangi bir polis karakolunda, Ermenilerin nüfusu çoğunluk teşkil etmiyordu.
(google çeviridir.) - LİNK
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| Armenian was built by Russia on Azarbaijan territory |
During This period in March-April 1918, 50 thousand Azerbaijan Turks were killed in the cities: Baku, Shamakhi,Quba, Mugan and Lankaran
- Deported 10 thousands of people from their own lands.
- 7 thousand people (1653 women, 965 childen) were destructed, 58 villages were ruined in Shamakhi.
- 122 villages in Quba,
-150 in upland part of Karabakh,
-115 in Zangezur
-211 in Yerevan
-92 villages in Kars province were destroyed completely and execution of the local population was realized by disregarding the age and sex.
- In 1919 of Yerevan Azerbaijani Turks it was mentioned that in this historical city and surroundings 88 villages had been destructed, 1920 house burned and 131,970 people killed.
Türkistan’da Ermenilerin yaptığı Türk Katliamları
Ermenilerin vahşet ve ihaneti sadece Türkiye ve Azerbaycan’da değil bir Türk yurdu olan Özbekistan’da da yapılmıştır.
The fact that the Armenians are not autochthonous to the Caucasus is a proven fact by the experts.
It was a serious mistake to use such names as Armenia/Arman and Hayastan as synonyms in historiography till 1920 because these are 2 different geographical areas and each received its name in different historical periods. Moreover, the two names did not belong to one and the same ethnos.Armenia and Arman are both ethnotoponyms, but the latter belonged to an ancient Turkic tribe of Central and Minor Asia whereas Hayastan is a name of a state (present Armenia) and belongs to an Indo-European ethnos hay (erroneously named Armenians). To understand which of originally Turkic ethnotoponyms with a component Armand/Erman were spread from Asia Minor to Altai it is necessary to look through some of them .
Prof.Dr.Firudin Celilov Ağasıoğlu
e-books about genocide
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DÜŞMANIM ,
DÜŞMANLIĞINDAN VAZGEÇİNCEYE KADAR
BEN DE ONUN
AMANSIZ DÜŞMANIYIM
M.KEMAL ATATÜRK
(1881 - 193∞)
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